Executive Summary

 

                                                                                                                    

Overview

 

The Franklin/Hampshire Adult Education Community Planning initiative began officially in May of 2001 as three agencies with a long history of collaboration, (The Literacy Project (TLP), The International Language Institute (ILI), and the Center for New Americans (CNA)), gathered to assess the needs and assets of the adult learners in their service delivery area.  Blessed by relationships with agencies cultivated over many years of community coalition-building, in October, 2001 a community planning partnership was formed comprised of representatives from the two county's school systems, social service, poverty and government agencies, and correctional facilities. The Franklin/Hampshire Adult Education Planning Partnership in its entirety has met four times over a two-year period, guiding the direction of the assessment, helping to name populations in need, choosing areas of investigation and eventually identifying gaps in the data collected in the initial assessment.

 

Included in this larger assessment are two separate CP initiatives which are currently being carried out in the town of Ware in Hampshire County, and in the North Quabbin - a region of Franklin County (see reports attached).

 

Community Needs

 

Communities of Focus

 

The community of focus for this assessment is actually two counties in Western Massachusetts, Franklin and Hampshire.  Modeling the geographical boundaries of our Regional Employment Board (REB), Franklin/Hampshire is treated in this assessment as one region. Many agencies in the community partnership serve both counties, including the Community Planning "Coordinating Team (CT)" comprised of ILI, CNA, and TLP.  [1]

 

This assessment highlights six towns having either CNA, TLP or ILI sites. These towns are Northampton, Amherst and Ware in Hampshire County, and Montague, Greenfield and Orange in Franklin County. The town of Northampton is home to an ILI, a TLP and a CNA site. A seventh town, Athol is in Worchester County and is included in the larger assessment because many Athol residents are part of the North Quabbin TLP site.

 

Who lives in the community?

 

Intersected by the Connecticut River, the F/H region is predominantly rural. The total population of both counties according to the 2000 Census was approximately 223,786, about 3.8% of the state’s population. This is a region rich in institutions of higher education and rural farmland. Amidst scholars and students, foreign and domestic, mingle farm families, a strong working class and others who are underemployed. There are adults and out-of-school youth in both our rural and urban areas challenged by low literacy, low English proficiency, poverty and homelessness. Wanting to live independent and fruitful lives, the people in our region have not only inner resources, but also their families and friends for support supplemented by a powerful network of agencies and institutions working in integrative ways to meet unmet needs.

 

Three of the seven towns highlighted in the assessment, Greenfield, Amherst and Northampton have small, ethnically rich populations of Chinese, Cambodian, Hispanic, Tibetan residents.  Greenfield has Moldavian, Russian, and Ukrainian communities and Amherst has residents from the Indian sub-continent.

 

What are the ABE-related needs?

 

Language

 

In the six towns in Franklin and Hampshire Counties where the main populations of learners reside, a total of 4,023 individuals told the census takers that they speak English "less than very well".  In 2002, the ESOL sites of the Center for New Americans and the International Language Institute served approximately 400 learners.  Due to the fact that there is much more demand than supply, waiting lists for ILI and CNA are currently between 40 days and four months. There are people who can stay on waiting lists until there is an opening to get into one of the free ESOL classes for immigrants and refugees, however, our primary data indicates that it is only those who are the most tenacious who eventually get into the classes. This leaves a huge gap in services for the hundreds, if not thousands of LEP adults living in our region who, due to insurmountable life challenges, cannot stay on a waiting list for several months nor afford to pay for tuition-based English classes.

 

Credential or need for skills despite credential

 

Many students in ESOL classes have come from their home countries with a variety of certificates, licenses, and degrees that are unusable due to their limited English proficiency.  Doctors are making pizza, engineers are working on construction crews, and nurses are doing personal care. It is the need for re-credentialing in this country that makes people willing to spend months on waiting lists, and keep up near perfect attendance in ESOL classes.

 

Intergenerational literacy issues

 

In late 2002, the Amherst Even Start program closed after 5 years of providing family literacy services, including ESOL to parents and children in Amherst, Pelham and Belchertown.  6,844 Amherst residents told the 2000 Census takers that they speak a language other than English and of those, 2,075 said they don't speak English very well.  With these figures relatively unchanged in 2003, a large gap in family literacy services now exists in Amherst.  Similar figures among the Puerto Rican community in Northampton, have justified a new Even Start program in that community.  Opened within the past few months, there will be a native language literacy class taught at Casa Latina as an offering in the program. 

 

The town of Greenfield has 520 adults with less than a ninth grade education and 14% of its population is without a high school diploma. Primary and secondary data have indicated that the new Greenfield Even Start program will be a much-needed service.  Orange/Athol have 20 parents enrolled in their Even Start program. Both towns have 20% of their adults without high school diplomas and Athol has 6% of its adults with less than a ninth grade education.  The town of Ware has 6.1% of its population over 25 with less than a ninth grade education, and 19.5 of its adults without a high school diploma. Ware has no Even Start program and it teen birth rate is 9.2% compared to the state rate of 6.6%.

 

At risk

 

 One of our stakeholders in the partnership told us that his agency called Service Net serves 1000 homeless people between Franklin and Hampshire Counties and Athol. "They are deficient in skills and lacking physical and mental health", he said.  The six Literacy Project sites in Ware, Orange/Athol, Northampton, Amherst, Montague and Greenfield are showing a marked increase in the number of homeless, especially youth in their classes. Also, both youth and adults on parole and probation now comprise more than half of the ABE population in three of The Literacy Project sites, and 10 to 25% of the other two. These are figures representing those attending classes. Often youth and adults with the lowest basic skills have challenges too great to attend a formal GED class. ABE programs are trying to meet these challenges through pre-GED and life skill classes, difficult to staff with dwindling financial resources.

 

Special Needs

 

The Stavros Independent Living Center serves more than a 1000 people a year with different disabilities. A key informant interview with their Director of Independent Living Services made us aware of a recent survey conducted by their agency in the career centers in the area. The survey revealed that although most of the centers are physically accessible to their constituents, once in the center many have challenges using the computers due to a lack of software designed specifically for the blind or partially blind or those having no use of their arms or limited upper mobility.

 

Interestingly, when adult educational services were mentioned during key informant interviews with both the Independent Living Director for the physically disabled and the Director of Tri-County Youth programs for the emotionally disturbed, they both said it was the personal care staff who serve their constituents who would benefit the most from adult education programs.

 

The unique needs of the female adult learner are often tied to issue of abuse. The Women's Research Project has delved into the lives of 105 Franklin County women who have recently experienced a major stressful event within the past 6 months - including having been in jail, been homeless, lost custody of their children, or have had serious money problems.  Ninety percent of these women had been abused as children or within 6 months of participation in the research. The study showed that within 3 months of receiving care and support, 14.8% of the women were taking computer classes and 16.1% were participating in some form of training within the support facilities they were attending. 26.7% of the women in the study were without a high school diploma. [2]

 

Executive Summary

 

                                                                                                                    

Overview

 

The Franklin/Hampshire Adult Education Community Planning initiative began officially in May of 2001 as three agencies with a long history of collaboration, (The Literacy Project (TLP), The International Language Institute (ILI), and the Center for New Americans (CNA)), gathered to assess the needs and assets of the adult learners in their service delivery area.  Blessed by relationships with agencies cultivated over many years of community coalition-building, in October, 2001 a community planning partnership was formed comprised of representatives from the two county's school systems, social service, poverty and government agencies, and correctional facilities. The Franklin/Hampshire Adult Education Planning Partnership has met three times over a two-year period, guiding the direction of the assessment, helping to name populations in need, choosing areas of investigation and eventually identifying gaps in the data collected in the initial assessment.

 

Included in this larger assessment are two separate CP initiatives  which are currently being carried out in the town of Ware in Hampshire County, and in the North Quabbin - a region of Franklin County (see reports attached).

 

Community Needs

 

Communities of Focus

 

The community of focus for this assessment is actually two counties in Western Massachusetts, Franklin and Hampshire.  Modeling the geographical boundaries of our Regional Employment Board (REB), Franklin/Hampshire is treated in this assessment as one region. Many agencies in the community partnership serve both counties, including the Community Planning "Coordinating Team (CT)" comprised of ILI, CNA, and TLP.  [3]

 

This assessment highlights six towns having either CNA, TLP or ILI sites. These towns are Northampton, Amherst and Ware in Hampshire County, and Montague, Greenfield and Orange in Franklin County. The town of Northampton is home to an ILI, a TLP and a CNA site. A seventh town, Athol is in Worchester County and is included in the larger assessment because many Athol residents are part of the North Quabbin TLP site.

 

Who lives in the community?

 

Intersected by the Connecticut River, the F/H region is predominantly rural. The total population of both counties according to the 2000 Census was approximately 223,786, about 3.8% of the state’s population. This is a region rich in institutions of higher education and rural farmland. Amidst scholars and students, foreign and domestic, mingle farm families, a strong working class and others who are underemployed. There are adults and out-of-school youth in both our rural and urban areas challenged by low literacy, low English proficiency, poverty and homelessness. Wanting to live independent and fruitful lives, the people in our region have not only inner resources, but also their families and friends for support supplemented by a powerful network of agencies and institutions working in integrative ways to meet unmet needs.

 

Three of the seven towns highlighted in the assessment, Greenfield, Amherst and Northampton have small, ethnically rich populations of Chinese, Cambodian, Hispanic, Tibetan residents.  Greenfield has Moldavian, Russian, and Ukrainian communities and Amherst has residents from the Indian sub-continent.

 

What are the ABE-related needs?

 

Language

 

In the six towns in Franklin and Hampshire Counties where the main populations of learners reside, a total of 4,023 individuals told the census takers that they speak English "less than very well".  In 2002, the ESOL sites of the Center for New Americans and the International Language Institute served approximately 400 learners.  Due to the fact that there is much more demand than supply, waiting lists for ILI and CNA are currently between 40 days and four months. There are people who can stay on waiting lists until there is an opening to get into one of the free ESOL classes for immigrants and refugees, however, our primary data indicates that it is only those who are the most tenacious who eventually get into the classes. This leaves a huge gap in services for the hundreds, if not thousands of LEP adults living in our region who, due to insurmountable life challenges, cannot stay on a waiting list for several months nor afford to pay for tuition-based English classes.

 

Credential or need for skills despite credential

 

Many students in ESOL classes have come from their home countries with a variety of certificates, licenses, and degrees that are unusable due to their limited English proficiency.  Doctors are making pizza, engineers are working on construction crews, and nurses are doing personal care. It is the need for re-credentialing in this country that makes people willing to spend months on waiting lists, and keep up near perfect attendance in ESOL classes.

 

Intergenerational literacy issues

 

In late 2002, the Amherst Even Start program closed after 5 years of providing family literacy services, including ESOL to parents and children in Amherst, Pelham and Belchertown.  6,844 Amherst residents told the 2000 Census takers that they speak a language other than English and of those, 2,075 said they don't speak English very well.  With these figures relatively unchanged in 2003, a large gap in family literacy services now exists in Amherst.  Similar figures among the Puerto Rican community in Northampton, have justified a new Even Start program in that community.  Opened within the past few months, there will be a native language literacy class taught at Casa Latina as an offering in the program. 

 

The town of Greenfield has 520 adults with less than a ninth grade education and 14% of its population is without a high school diploma. Primary and secondary data have indicated that the new Greenfield Even Start program will be a much-needed service.  Orange/Athol have 20 parents enrolled in their Even Start program. Both towns have 20% of their adults without high school diplomas and Athol has 6% of its adults with less than a ninth grade education.  The town of Ware has 6.1% of its population over 25 with less than a ninth grade education, and 19.5 of its adults without a high school diploma. Ware has no Even Start program and it teen birth rate is 9.2% compared to the state rate of 6.6%.

 

At risk

 

 One of our stakeholders in the partnership told us that his agency called Service Net serves 1000 homeless people between Franklin and Hampshire Counties and Athol. "They are deficient in skills and lacking physical and mental health", he said.  The six Literacy Project sites in Ware, Orange/Athol, Northampton, Amherst, Montague and Greenfield are showing a marked increase in the number of homeless, especially youth in their classes. Also, both youth and adults on parole and probation now comprise more than half of the ABE population in three of The Literacy Project sites, and 10 to 25% of the other two. These are figures representing those attending classes. Often youth and adults with the lowest basic skills have challenges too great to attend a formal GED class. ABE programs are trying to meet these challenges through pre-GED and life skill classes, difficult to staff with dwindling financial resources.

 

Special Needs

 

The Stavros Independent Living Center serves more than a 1000 people a year with different disabilities. A key informant interview with their Director of Independent Living Services made us aware of a recent survey conducted by their agency in the career centers in the area. The survey revealed that although most of the centers are physically accessible to their constituents, once in the center many have challenges using the computers due to a lack of software designed specifically for the blind or partially blind or those having no use of their arms or limited upper mobility.

 

Interestingly, when adult educational services were mentioned during key informant interviews with both the Independent Living Director for the physically disabled and the Director of Tri-County Youth programs for the emotionally disturbed, they both said it was the personal care staff who serve their constituents who would benefit the most from adult education programs.

 

The unique needs of the female adult learner are often tied to issue of abuse. The Women's Research Project has delved into the lives of 105 Franklin County women who have recently experienced a major stressful event within the past 6 months - including having been in jail, been homeless, lost custody of their children, or have had serious money problems.  Ninety percent of these women had been abused as children or within 6 months of participation in the research. The study showed that within 3 months of receiving care and support, 14.8% of the women were taking computer classes and 16.1% were participating in some form of training within the support facilities they were attending. 26.7% of the women in the study were without a high school diploma. [4]

 

 

 

Mapping

 

Our two counties have something we call "hilltowns".  Located in the foothills of the Berkshire Mountains, the term refers to the beautiful hills visible from all parts of our region.  The term also refers to a geographically isolated area, cut off from major population hubs by limited or no bus service and few local services. No ESOL or ABE programs are available except in the southern hilltown of Huntington whose adult learning center, funded through a Community Development Block Grant serves adults and young adults in that area. 

 

Most of our current students live in areas of the cities or towns accessible by bus routes or own their own car. Transportation seems to be a problem for only a small percentage of those surveyed. Those with problems are usually students who must travel from the hilltowns or in the case of ESOL classes, from towns outside the county. The reason there are so few hilltown adults in ESOL and ABE classes is often due to transportation issues.

 

Changes since the 1990 Census

 

·         Only two of the seven towns in our study have shown a population increase since 1990, Orange (2.82%) and Montague (2.08%). The planning area has shown a 3.08% increase compared to a 5.53% increase in the population of Massachusetts.

·         The rate of those living in poverty has increased slightly in the two counties over the ten years, but the self-sufficiency measure indicates a marked increase in those unable to make ends meet without public assistance.  The town of Greenfield, for example, had a household poverty rate of 12% in 1990, and now 38% of households have incomes below $25,000.

·          The unemployment rate has decreased for the planning areas by 5% between third quarter 1991 and third quarter 2001 varying only +.01% from the state's reduction over the same time period.

·         The percentage of adults over 25 without a high school diploma in Hampshire County has been reduced by 6.4% since 1990 and by 5.6% for Franklin-still higher than the state rate of 15.2% which also dropped 4.8 percentage points since 1990. These drops may be due to the success of adult education in our region and in the state.  There are still 15,773 adults over 25 without a high school diploma in the Franklin/Hampshire adult education region.

 

 

 

Special Challenges 

 

The economic downturn in Massachusetts and across the country has affected all residents, but the burden falls especially hard on those with low incomes and little chance of advancement without hundreds of hours of training and education.  Our Thanksgiving Hunger Study for the Western Massachusetts Food bank revealed that where the Food Bank used to serve the sick and the unemployed, it now increasingly serves those who are employed, but unable to make ends meet.

 

·                     Some towns in Hampshire County are included among the most expensive housing markets in the state - only Boston, Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket are higher.

·                     Many of our adult learners must choose between school and job - a terribly difficult decision

·                     The two-year time limit for welfare benefits has adversely affected single women with school-aged children, making it nearly impossible to stay in school long enough to earn them the credentials for self-sufficiency - a cruel Catch-22.

·                     Local employers discriminate against those who are limited English proficient, paying low wages and expecting loyalty and a willingness to work long hours.

·                     One of our major employers, the University of Massachusetts has laid off or asked for early retirement from 500 employees, staff and faculty in 2002.

·                     Concern within our CP partnership about the reintegration of our two counties' ex-offenders arose simultaneously with a special report released with alarming data about the almost complete lack of supervision in Massachusetts of newly released criminals. According to SMARTT data, in the Hampshire County Correctional Facility, the number of 16-18 year old inmates have more than doubled between 2001 and 2002.

·                     90% of all inmates in F/H Correctional Facilities have addiction and family problems.

 

Community Assets

 

Local Institutions

 

 ABE/ESOL Family Literacy Programs: There are currently three major providers of adult education programs in our two counties that serve approximately 400 students yearly. Existing ESOL programs including the International Language Institute and the Center for New Americans cannot meet the high demand for ESOL services. Waiting lists for both agencies are now approximately 40 days to 4 months.

 

Three Even Start programs (two brand new), one in Greenfield and one in Northampton and an older one in Orange/Athol serve, or will serve approximately 60 parents and children ages 0-3 onsite in early childhood rooms or will place them in early childhood programs in the area.

 

Service Providers

 

Hampshire and Franklin counties are rich with social service agencies (a full list can be found in the appendix).  Some of the most comprehensive programming comes from the regions two poverty agencies, The Hampshire County Action Commission (HCAC) and the Franklin Community Action Corporation (FCAC).  Many referrals to ABE and ESOL programs come from these two agencies and from housing authorities, DTA, churches, community centers, correctional facilities, homeless shelters, the courts, juvenile detention, libraries, the UMass employees assistance program, employers, Department of Youth Services, Department of Mental Health, and the regional employment board.  Students are referred to colleges, libraries, career centers, housing authorities, substance abuse programs, counseling, teen services, employers, career centers, and Even Start. There are also referrals among our CP Coordinating Team.

 

 

Employment Opportunities

 

The Franklin/Hampshire region is part of the CAP region of New England according to the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University. The CAP region includes Massachusetts and Connecticut. Their study of our population, labor force, wage and salary employment developments in June, 2002 praised our region's strong employment growth and suggested it was tied to our ability to maintain and even expand our manufacturing base while adding larger numbers of service sector jobs. From 1991 to 2000 our business services industry tripled, adding 2100 new jobs, accounting for more than one in five new jobs in the Franklin/Hampshire region.  The unemployment rate according to DETMA figures has gone from 2.7% in 2001 (3rd quarter averages) to 3.5% in 2002 - only a .08% increase.

 

Although our region may have an increase in service sector jobs they are reserved mostly for those with a Bachelor's degree or better.  The lower-paying service sector job, which many of the ABE/ESOL students hold, are not able to meet the requirements in the two counties for self-sufficiency. Low English Proficiency and the lack of a GED or high school diploma usually mean employment in the private household services dominated by low-end service occupations.

 

The major employers of ABE/ESOL/Family Literacy students in our region are restaurants, supermarkets, nursing homes and hotels. There are also factories such as Yankee Candle, and the Cain Pickle Factory (very few of our students work in these manufacturing establishments). 

 

While working on their GED, students are taken on field trips to the career centers to help them do job searches.  They learn how to do an interview, what jobs to look for with their skills and how to identify specialized training opportunities.

 

Existing Partnerships

 

The Franklin and Hampshire County region has a strong network of human service providers that offer critically needed services to area residents. These partnerships are described in detail in the assets section of the report and in the appendix.  Key among these is the two main service provider coalitions - The Franklin County Resource Network and the Council of Social Agencies (COSA) in Hampshire County.  The Regional Employment Board is also a major linking agency between the two counties.  Referral and information systems are developing locally that could have a profound affect on how all programs coalesce around the families and individuals they serve.  BATON, SPIFFY and the Youth Mapping Project are just two recent examples of initiatives in our region.

 

Housing Services: The Greenfield Housing Authority has played an important role in the community planning effort.  It's Coordinator has acted as a resource for one of our focus groups, organizing it, getting the people there, and helping to form the questions for the survey, following up when needed. Housing services in both our counties are key links knowledge about our potential learners, where they live, what their needs are and how they gather in neighborhoods.

 

Schools:  Increasingly the relationship between ABE/ESOL programs and the high schools is becoming crucial.  The Ware TLP site has an excellent relationship with the guidance department at Ware High School and should be looked on as a model for others.

 

 

 

 

 

Implications and Conclusions for ABE/ESOL Community Planning

 

Summary of Findings

 

 

This Executive Summary of the comprehensive assessment contains an analysis of the findings from secondary and primary data sources, taking into account our community's assets, and prefaced by the concerns of our core committee about the size of the planning area. 

 

          The Size of the Planning Area

 

Strategic Planning for Adult Basic Education services in the Franklin Hampshire service area must take into account the geographical size and diversity of this area.  At the present time there are 3 separate partnerships addressing this dispersion and diversity.  This makes sense given the geographic isolation of both the Ware and North Quabbin Areas*.

 

Even with separate Community Planning Partnerships in the Ware and North Quabbin areas, there may still be a need to further localize the "Central Planning Process" that currently covers the communities of Amherst, Northampton, Greenfield, and Montague.  A logical step might be to separate out the processes for the Hampshire County communities (Amherst and Northampton) and the Franklin County communities (Greenfield and Montague).  Of course, the advantages of local "community relevance" could be counterbalanced by the disadvantages of increased burdens on staff time to plan, coordinate, and carry out the necessary planning and partnership activities.

 

Though the most rural communities of our region are under-served in many ways, communities like Amherst, Northampton, Greenfield, and Montague boast a wide diversity of human and educational services and a long history of planning and partnership activities.  The core DOE funded ABE providers (The Center for New Americans, The Literacy Project, and the International Language Institute) have been long term players in many of these partnerships - especially COSA (Council of Social Agencies) in Hampshire County and the Franklin County Resource network.

 

The core DOE funded ABE provider agencies are committed to ensure that the needs of adult learners are taken into account in all the major planning initiatives in our service area. To that end we seek to strategically increase our participation in ongoing local planning partnerships even as we fulfill the requirements of the DOE Strategic Community Planning process.  Doing this in a comprehensive, but flexible localized way, will indeed be challenging, but we are looking forward with confidence in ourselves and in our partners.

 

 

          The Analysis of Primary and Secondary Findings By The Core Committee

 

The analysis of primary and secondary findings produced a complex, if not overwhelming, amount of information to guide the strategic planning stage of the ABE community planning. From this process, though, emerged seven overarching themes that encompass many of the issues identified.  These overarching themes are summarized below along with a brief discussion of each one's implications for the strategic planning process to come.

 

 

 

 

Dissemination of Information:

 

Identified Challenge: A reoccurring theme of focus groups and key informant interviews was a lack of information and/or misinformation about the local adult basic education system.  Individuals from various community groups and institutions reported having inadequate information as to what services were available and how to make referrals.  In some cases, this was the result of information having not reached particular organizations or groups, while in other cases, information had reached appropriate organizations but was not effectively disseminated within.  Focus groups and key informant also revealed a broad range of misperceptions about the local ABE programs, their capacity and staffing.

 

Implication:  Within the next phase of the community planning process, the partnership will need to work to identify and implement mechanisms for more effective and systematic dissemination of information, and to continue building relationships that will facilitate these ends.

 

 

Waiting List for ESOL Services:

 

Identified Challenge: The planning process uncovered a great deal of frustration with the current waiting list for ESOL classes on the part of students looking to enroll, as well as organizations that serve them.  It also revealed that individuals with the greatest life challenges seem to be least likely to place their names upon the waiting lists or to maintain interest and availability during the waiting period.  

 

Implications:  Within future planning activities, the partnership will explore the feasibility of expanding services available to students on waiting lists, such as tutorials, computer classes or conversation groups, some of which are already available, as well providing additional support and check-ins.  Additionally, the strategic planning phase will be used as an opportunity to advocate for additional resources for ABE programs so more students may be served

 

 

Coordination of services:

 

Identified Challenge: For clients/students who are in need of a variety of different educational and social services their experience can be quite overwhelming.  The current network of public and private service organizations can be confusing, fragmented and unwelcoming.  Consequently, it frequently leaves clients/students and those that assist them at a loss for the best ways to meet their needs.   

 

Implication:  In conjunction with other community initiatives, the ABE Community Planning Partnership will work to advocate for and facilitate greater coordination of services.  Promising models include a variety of comprehensive, collaborative and/or integrative models of service delivery and support, examples of which have been cited in the body of the report.  These would likely involve streamlined intake and cross-disciplinary information sharing.  Furthermore, members of the partnership should work to promote greater availability of case-coordination and case-management services to support students/clients with multiple needs.

 

 

Targeted Outreach

 

Identified Challenge: Analyses of both primary and secondary data have highlighted particular population segments that may be under-served by the local ABE system.  These groups include:

 

·                     Adults with developmental and cognitive disabilities

·                     Out-of-School

·                     Homeless Adults and Youth

·                     Ex-offenders/Youth and adults on probation

·                     Particular ethnic groups such as Cape Verdeans in Amherst, Moldovans and Russians in Greenfield, and newly arrived Puerto Rican adults in Northampton.

·                     LEP and low literacy, out-of-school, and at-risk parents in Greenfield, Amherst and Northampton

·                     Migrant workers and their teenage children

·                     People transitioning off of welfare

·                     Women who have experienced domestic violence and trauma.

 

Implication: The partnership will work to further develop targeted outreach approaches that are appropriate to these identified groups.  Approaches will include both formal and informal means of outreach, and will involve ABE providers and other partners working in collaboration. 

 

 

Transition Support

 

Identified Challenge: The planning process revealed a significant lack of programming to provide current and potential ABE students with support during critical transitions.  In particular, there are inadequate resources to support transitions from ABE programs to college, from ABE programs to work and from corrections to ABE.

 

Implication: The partnership will continue to convene planning forums specific to these challenges.  The goals of these activities will include:

·         Continued relationship-building and planning among ABE, higher education, employment assistance and corrections providers

·         Identification of ways to improve the capacity of current programs in these areas

·         Identification of and development of additional models to provide transition support

·         Identification of funding sources to support the creation of new transition support programs

·         Advocacy as to the importance of providing these types of support

 

 

Ability of the ABE System to Effectively Serve Youth: